Restoring Healthy Gums with Scaling
In periodontal disease, swollen gums begin to recede from the teeth, creating pockets where plaque and tartar accumulate. Scaling is a key treatment that removes plaque, tartar, and bacteria from the surfaces of the teeth and their roots. This can be performed using hand tools, electronic instruments, or a combination of both.
If you have gum disease, your dentist may recommend scaling and root planing along with regular periodontal maintenance as part of your routine dental care. While this procedure doesn’t cure periodontal disease, it helps slow or halt its progression. By eliminating bacteria-filled plaque and tartar that cause inflammation in the gums and surrounding bone, scaling and root planing reduce the need for surgery and help your swollen, bleeding gums heal.
What is Scaling & Root Planing?
Scaling and root planing is the gold standard treatment for gum disease (periodontitis), often referred to as "deep cleaning" or "periodontal therapy." This procedure is designed to halt the progression of gum disease. If you have periodontitis that could worsen, your dentist may recommend scaling and root planing to help control the condition. However, it's important to note that this is not a one-time solution. Ongoing treatments may be necessary to maintain optimal oral health despite the condition.
Scaling and Root Planing Procedure
The treatment involves two primary tools: a scaler and a curette. These handheld instruments, resembling metal chopsticks with sharp, curved tips, are gently used below the gum line to remove plaque and tartar, similar to a standard dental cleaning.
Alternatively, electronic scalers use ultrasonic vibrations to break up plaque and tartar. The vibrating metal tip helps dislodge buildup, while a water spray removes debris and keeps the tool cool during use.
In the root planing phase, the dentist or hygienist smooths the surface of the tooth root, making it harder for bacteria to adhere and encouraging the reattachment of gums. This is done using the same tools, focusing on rough areas. Afterward, a disinfectant or antibiotic may be applied to reduce bacterial growth.
Since gums can be sensitive, especially when swollen due to periodontitis, local anesthesia is used to ensure a pain-free experience. Typically, only one or two quadrants of the mouth are treated at a time to minimize numbness, allowing you to eat and drink comfortably as the anesthesia wears off.